Valley Girls
Spanish translation: Muchachas que residen el el 'valle' de California
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|  Selected response from: eski Mexico Local time: 22:58 | ||||
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| valley girls valley girls o chicas tontas y bonitas/bonitas pero tontas, superficiales Explanation: No creo que en otros idiomas sea tan conocida la expresión; es más los colegas de Inglaterra o de Australia tendrían que indicarnos si conocen el giro. Si es para español en los Estados Unidos, supongo que podrás usarlo en inglés, dependiendo del público lector. De lo contrario lo traduciría. |
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9 hrs confidence:
| valley girls chicas huequitas (del Valle de San Fernando) Explanation: The 'Valley' reference originally was to the S.Fernando Valley in Calif. near L.A. But I think more important is the notion of superficial, appearance-obsessed, etc., etc., de ahí mi sugerencia de 'chicas huequitas'... (Algo así como el término slang que se usaba antes en USA, quizá se use aún, un poco: 'airhead') "Chicas huequitas, superficiales, parranderas, he visto que quedaron embarazadas sin quererlo y al mismo tiempo, quedaron muy solas y fuera ..." (http://lalodelce.wordpress.com/2009/06/25/una-fina-linea/) "13 Ago 2008 – BASTA DE SER EL CONSUELO DE INFELICES QUE SE CASAN CON "LINDAS" "FLACAS" Y CHICAS "HUEQUITAS". BASSSSSSSTAAAAAA! ..." (http://bestiaria.blogspot.com/2008/08/la-teora-de-la-baldosa... |
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3 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): +3
peer agreement (net): +3| valley girls Muchachas que residen el el 'valle' de California Explanation: Muchachas que residen el el 'valle' de California: -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 5 mins (2011-08-16 21:30:31 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Advanced searchAbout 6,850 results Everything Images Videos News Shopping More Search OptionsShow search tools Valley girl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the Greater Los Angeles area, the term "Valley Girl" originated and still refers to girls from the San Fernando Valley. ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley_girl - Cached - Similar -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 5 mins (2011-08-16 21:30:48 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Saludos eski :)) -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 6 mins (2011-08-16 21:31:33 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- San Fernando Valley :)) -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 8 mins (2011-08-16 21:33:28 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Valley Girl (or Val, Val Gal) is a stereotype leveled at a socio-economic and ethnic class of American women who can be described as colloquial English-speaking, materialistic, self-centered, hedonistic, and often sexually promiscuous. Valspeak is also a form of this trait, based on an exaggerated version of '80s California English. The term originally referred to the ever increasing number of semi-affluent and affluent middle-class and upper-middle class girls living in the bedroom community neighborhoods of San Fernando Valley.[1] Due to the Valley's proximity to the Hollywood media machine, the demographic group which the term stereotyped garnered large exposure to the rest of the world. Consequently, the use became more general, and the stereotype can be found all over the United States, and also in other countries in different forms. During the 1980s and 1990s, in common with the trend in community orientation, interest, and education, the term metamorphosed into a caricature and stereotype of such women: a "ditzy" or "airhead" personality, and unapologetically "spoiled" behavior that showed more interest in shopping, personal appearance and social status than in intellectual development or personal accomplishment.[2] Contents [hide] 1 Sociolect 2 Similar phenomena 2.1 Arizona 2.2 California 2.3 United Kingdom 2.4 Ireland 2.5 Hungary 2.6 Israel 2.7 Mexico 2.8 Italy 3 In pop culture 3.1 Music 3.2 Film 3.3 Television 3.4 Sherman Oaks Galleria 3.5 List of fictional Valley girls 3.5.1 Film 3.5.2 Animation 3.5.3 Television 3.5.4 Video games 3.5.5 Literature 3.5.6 Commercials 4 See also 5 References 6 External links [edit] SociolectMain article: Valspeak A certain sociolect associated with Valley Girls, referred to as “Valspeak,” became common across the United States during the 1980s and 1990s, and much entered teenage slang throughout the country. Qualifiers such as “like”, “whatever”, “way”, "as if!", “totally” and “duh” were interjected in the middle of phrases and sentences as emphasizers. Narrative sentences were often spoken as though they were questions using a high rising terminal. Valspeak is often spoken with a heavy accent sometimes associated with Californians. Words are spoken with high variation in pitch combined with very open or nasal vowel sounds. Recently[when?], reality TV shows such as the Hills and Laguna Beach have brought the modern version of Valspeak into pop culture relevance again. Examples: Like - Used as an interjection: "That was, like, the worst thing ever!" or to indicate speech: "And she was like 'Get out of my way!'" As if – lit. "yeah, right" or "as if" except it does not use a subject; expresses disbelief. Bitchin' - adj. slang for excellent; first-rate. Though a derivative of "bitch", bitchin' is sometimes not considered profane. Whatever! - short for "whatever you say"; sarcastic interjection often emphasizing the final syllable. Fer shur – lit. "For sure", often used in agreement. Totally – "I agree" or "completely." Oh my God – can be used many ways; expresses shock. Tre - A synonym for "very" (derived from French "très") So - Very; used frequently and said with strong emphasis. Seriously - Frequent interjection of approval. Gnarly - expression of seriousness. can be a word for very intense or very pleasing Are you serious?- expression of surprise. Anyways... - Substitute for the grammatically correct "Anyway..." [edit] Similar phenomena This section contains information which may be of unclear or questionable importance or relevance to the article's subject matter. Please help improve this article by clarifying or removing superfluous information. (June 2011) Similar phenomena were registered around the globe in books, movies and on television. [edit] Arizona This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2011) In Arizona, "Valley Girl" refers to girls from Scottsdale and Paradise Valley, as well as co-eds at neighboring Arizona State University and sometimes used to denote teenage or young adult girls from Phoenix. The stereotype is associated with upper class wealthy girls, rocking Juicy Couture tracksuits, Louis Vuitton/Chanel bags, big shades. The heat of the low desert keeps Arizona valley girls looking summery all year long. In the 1996 movie Romy and Michele's High School Reunion the two characters Romy and Michele hail from Tucson, Arizona but now lived in Los Angeles. The two friends speak a stereotypical "Valley girl" accent. The movie's story was they were invited to their 10th anniversary reunion in a high school there, thus Tucson is portrayed to have "Valley girls". [edit] California This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2011) In the Greater Los Angeles area, the term "Valley Girl" originated and still refers to girls from the San Fernando Valley. In context it is associated with a spoiled girl from an upper-middle class background who socializes with other "valley girls" in cliques. In regions neighboring the San Fernando Valley, people will often call a girl a "valley girl" or tell her to "go back to the valley" if she is showing signs of materialism and/or idiotic behavior. Usually, constant giggling occurs. Caricature traits of "Valley girls" are rich, young (age 20-25), white, "bleach" blonde and thin. The "Valley girl" is also nicknamed "County girl" or "O.C." (initials for "Orange County") for their counterparts from affluent suburban communities of Orange County and "Beach girl" if they hail from a coastal community (i.e. La Jolla, San Diego and Santa Monica), or West Los Angeles has an image of stereotypical "West Side" or "California girls" walk down elegant shopping districts like Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills. There is also the "Bay Area girl" for those in the San Francisco Bay Area, but the phenomenon of "Valley speak" and trends was originally a Southern California subculture before it moved into Northern California. Not to be confused with the "Valley" or California's Central Valley. Lately, there was animousity between "O.C.ies" and "Okies" for people from Kern County: a clash of cultures when newcomers from L.A. move to a largely rural conservative area. [edit] United KingdomThere is some similarity between the phenomenon of a Valley Girl in the United States and the concept of an Essex girl, although the stereotype emphasis is more on promiscuity and below-average intelligence. A perhaps closer equivalent would be the wealthier and generally upper-middle or upper class Sloane Ranger; a widely lampooned stereotype associated with Sloane Square in the Chelsea area of central London. [edit] IrelandIn Ireland, the term D4 is used to refer to a similar stereotype applied to young people, especially those from the southern suburbs of Dublin. This usage of the term originates from the postal district of Dublin 4 which includes affluent upper-class areas such as Donnybrook, Ballsbridge and Sandymount. However, the term is used more generally for people from almost any upper middle class suburb. [edit] HungaryTwo exclusive hillside neighborhoods in Budapest, called Rózsadomb and Pasarét are traditionally regarded as breeding grounds for upper (middle) class spoiled children, including arrogant Valley girl types. Their affluence and lifestyle are comparable to those of Californian Valley girls. There is a huge income disparity between the parents of these teens/twixters and those of the majority in Budapest, especially in Pest. The term plázacica (literally "mallkitten") is a related Hungarian neologism referring to girls (aged roughly 15 to 25) who frequent high-tech malls or plazas (like WestEnd City Center), spend much time and money enhancing their looks, and focus on parties and fashion. The term implies a degree of promiscuity, narcissism, materialism and lookism. [edit] IsraelFreha - The Freha is often viewed as the counterpart to the Ars, although the stereotype is distinct. Freha is a derogatory term often used to describe an Israeli female who exhibits bimbo-like behavior. One is identified as a Freha for having tacky fashion statements, loud and obnoxious speech patterns, and crude behaviors. The stereotype of the Freha gained notoriety around the same period as the Ars, especially through TV broadcasts and Burekas films (genre of Israeli slapstick, often racial, comedy). Similar to the Ars, it is often claimed that the Freha is an ethnic stereotype. However, youth today will often not associate the Freha as being of a specific ethnicity. [edit] MexicoFor Mexico dwellers, the term "popis" (adopted since 1950), "niña náiz" (adopted since 1970) and "fresa" (actually used) had been always used by its middle class population to mark from girls to young women acting towards soap opera attitudes, mostly coming from upper middle classes. [edit] ItalyIn Italy, the term 'Tamarra' refers to a usually, poorly educated, vulgar and loud woman from inner cities usually aspiring to appearing on tv shows like Big Brother. [edit] In pop culture This section contains information which may be of unclear or questionable importance or relevance to the article's subject matter. Please help improve this article by clarifying or removing superfluous information. (June 2011) [edit] MusicIn 1982, composer Frank Zappa released the album Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch. The album featured the single "Valley Girl", with his 14-year old daughter Moon Unit (who supplied Frank with much of the content) speaking typical "Valley Girl" phrases. Zappa intended to lampoon the image, but the single also popularized the valley girl stereotype nationwide, and, to a lesser extent, throughout the English-speaking world. There was a significant increase in the "Valspeak" slang usage, whether ironically spoken or not.[3] The 1992 hip hop song "Baby Got Back" by Sir Mix-a-Lot famously starts with a discussion between two valley girls.[4] Pop singer Tiffany uses the Valspeak as part of her song "Mr. Mambo". The musical trio, The Dean's List made a song called Valley Girls. Mary Jane Girls member, Ann 'Cheri' Bailey's character is a valley girl from 1979 to 1985, when she left the group and was replaced by Yvette 'Corvette' Marine. [edit] FilmIn 1983, the feature film Valley Girl was released starring actor Nicolas Cage and actress Deborah Foreman. Besides featuring the up-and-coming actor Cage, the movie contains a soundtrack of New Wave music, which was at the peak of its popularity at that time. The film's producers had initially approached Frank Zappa to ask him if they could make a film based on his song. Zappa refused, and the filmmakers wound up making the film anyway. Zappa attempted to sue over the obvious capitalization on his song, but the lawsuit was thrown out.[citation needed]Another movie was Clueless (1995), using many of the terms above. [edit] TelevisionThe first Valley Girl in popular culture is attributed to Lily Tomlin's character Susie Sorority on The Lily Tomlin Special in 1975. Valley Girls, a television series and spin-off of Gossip Girl set in the '80s. Buffy the Vampire Slayer parodied the valley girl, with the main character, Buffy Summers, often saving the males of the program. Buffy's contemporaries Cordelia and Harmony more closely fit to the conventions of the Valley girl. Several alternate takes of scenes from the series House M.D. exist in which actors Lisa Edelstein and Jennifer Morrison, as a joke, act out serious sequences as Valley Girls. These "gag takes" are included on DVDs of the show. Sweet Valley High can also be considered an example, although while the main characters exhibit the physical characteristics of a Valley Girl, academic pursuits are considered of merit. The main character in Clueless, Cher Horowitz, perpetuates Valspeak by using the words "like," "as if," "whatever" and "duh" an exorbitant amount throughout the film. When referring to attractive men and women, Cher uses the terms "Betty" and "Baldwin." Considering the film's release in 1995 and the resurgence of such terms in American youth in the years following, it could be credited with bridging the gap between the 1980s Valspeak and today's. Kimberly Hart from Mighty Morphin Power Rangers (played by Amy Jo Johnson) was originally a Valley girl in the first season, and shows hints at being one in the later seasons before Amy's departure from the series. Hilary Banks from The Fresh Prince of Bel Air is another good example even though she might be considered upper class. The Hills features "real" Valley girls. Lexi Reed Stefanie Scott from the tv series "A.N.T. Farm" is a very good example of a valley girl. [edit] Sherman Oaks GalleriaFor more details on this topic, see Sherman Oaks Galleria. In the early 1980s, Hollywood films and songs portrayed the female-dominated mall lifestyle in the San Fernando Valley. The Sherman Oaks Galleria was perhaps best known as the home of the Valley Girl, since this San Fernando Valley mall was where Fast Times at Ridgemont High was filmed in 1981.[citation needed] The mall was featured throughout Fast Times at Ridgemont High, beginning with the opening scenes of the film, which starts with an elevator ride up to the food court where the young Phoebe Cates and Jennifer Jason Leigh worked at the fast food stands. [edit] List of fictional Valley girls[edit] FilmJulie Richman (Deborah Foreman) in the quintessential Val teen movie, 1983's Valley Girl. The three Heathers (Shannen Doherty, Lisanne Falk, and Kim Walker) in the 1989 film Heathers. Linda Barrett (Phoebe Cates) in the 1982 teen classic Fast Times at Ridgemont High. Valerie Gail (Geena Davis) and Candy Pink (Julie Brown) in the 1988 musical comedy Earth Girls Are Easy. Wanda (Kathy Ireland) from the 1988 science fiction film Alien from L.A. Regina (Catherine Mary Stewart) and Samantha (Kelli Maroney) in the 1984 cult horror film Night of the Comet. Tory (Jennifer Aniston) in Leprechaun. October (Evan Rachel Wood) in the 2005 drama movie Down in the Valley. Cher Horowitz (Alicia Silverstone) in the 1995 teen movie Clueless, though she actually lives in Beverly Hills. Elle Woods (Reese Witherspoon), Margot (Jessica Cauffiel), and Serena McGuire (Alanna Ubach) from Legally Blonde. The Muppet Janice (sometimes "Janis"), a member of The Electric Mayhem (The Muppet Movie (1979) and The Muppet Show). Buffy Summers (Kristy Swanson) in the film Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Romy and Michele from Romy and Michele's High School Reunion. Pink Five (Amy Earhart), the hero of a series of fan-made movies is a fast-talking Valley Girl type placed in the Star Wars universe. Sharpay Evans (Ashley Tisdale) from the High School Musical series. Poppy Moore (Emma Roberts) from the Wild Child (film 2008). Bianca Stratford (Larisa Oleynik) in the movie 10 Things I Hate About You is seen as a Valley girl type. Marcie (Julie Benz) in a 1999 black comedy satire movie Jawbreaker. Lorraine Baker (Hillary Duff) in a 2003 comedy film Cheaper by the Dozen and its 2005 sequel Cheaper by the Dozen 2. Jennifer (Annelise van der Pol) from the vampire spoof film Vampires Suck Ashley Freund (Chelan Simmons), and Ashlyn Halperin (Crystal Lowe) in the 2006 horror film Final Destination 3. [edit] AnimationSwitchboard, the gossip columnist from Beverly Hills Teens Clover from the animated TV show Totally Spies! portrays traits and uses terms associated with the stereotypical Valley Girl, and more seldom does Alex. Kelly Generic from Bobby's World Minerva Mink from Animaniacs Delancey from My Scene Daphne Blake from A Pup Named Scooby-Doo The Tweevils (Kirstee and Kaycee) and Cloe from the Bratz animated series The Ashleys on Disney's Recess Mio Hio from the anime D.N.Angel Caitlin Cooke from the animated series 6teen Topaz Trollhopper from Trollz Stacey from Disney's A Goofy Movie Clare from the show Code Monkeys Tiffany Blum-Deckler, Stacy Rowe and Sandi Griffin and Quinn Morgendorffer from MTV show Daria. The Debbies from The Oblongs. Claire Brewster from Beetlejuice. Candace Flynn and Stacy Hirano from Phineas and Ferb. Babs Bunny in a few episodes of Tiny Toon Adventures. Brandy Harrington and Tiffany Turlington from Brandy & Mr. Whiskers. Bulma from Dragon Ball (when Tiffany Vollmer performed her voice in the original series, Monica Rial dropped the Valley girl accent in Dragon Ball Z Kai) Shellsea from Fish Hooks Poland from Hetalia: Axis Powers Nannette Manoir from Angela Anaconda, Nannette speaks with a combination of a Valley girl accent and a fake French accent. Elly from Shaman King Lumpy Space Princess (nicknamed LSP) from Adventure Time with Finn and Jake, Though LSP speaks in a thick Valley girl accent, she is voiced by the series' creator Pendleton Ward Pearl Krabs from SpongeBob SquarePants Catherine the Great and sometimes Cleopatra from the MTV series Clone High USA [edit] TelevisionSerena van der Woodsen and Blair Waldorf (played by Blake Lively and Leighton Meester) from Gossip Girl. Summer Roberts (Rachel Bilson) on hit TV series The O.C., which also includes a parody of itself within the show titled The Valley. London Tipton (played by Brenda Song) from the television series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and The Suite Life on Deck. Cher Horowitz (played by Rachel Blanchard) in a 1996 spinoff TV series Clueless. Kelly Taylor (played by Jennie Garth) and Donna Martin (played by Tori Spelling) on Beverly Hills, 90210, and also Naomi Clark (played by AnnaLynne McCord) on its newer version, 90210. Kimberly Hart (played by Amy Jo Johnson) on Mighty Morphin Power Rangers. Brooke Logan (played by Katherine Kelly Lang) on The Bold and the Beautiful. Karen Foster (played by Angela Watson) on Step by Step. Gina and Jessica (played by Amanda Bynes and Christy Knowings respectively) in the All That recurring sketch What-Everrrrrr. Wendy Lubbock (played by Brooke Theiss) in the ABC sitcom, Just the Ten of Us. Vicky the Valley Girl from Saturday Night Live (played by Gail Matthius, the same woman who voiced Shirley on Tiny Toons). Fancy Crane (played by Emily Harper) from Passions. Elvira the late-night "vampire" talked in Valspeak ("I mean, wow, it's like déjà vu!"). Melissa Joan Hart's character in Clarissa Explains It All would lapse into Valspeak. The celebrity, Pamela Anderson (and the character she portrays, Vallery Irons in TV show V.I.P.). Brooke Davis (played by Sophia Bush) from the hit television show One Tree Hill. Lisa Turtle (played by Lark Voorhies) from the television series Saved by the Bell. Lindsay Selkirk (played by Christina Nigra) from the television series Out of This World. Aphrodite (played by Alexandra Tydings), the Goddess of Love, was portrayed as something of a Valley Girl in the television program, Xena: Warrior Princess. Jennifer DiNuccio (Tracy Nelson) on Square Pegs. Hilary Banks (Karyn Parsons) from The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. Her character was actually from Bel-Air. In one episode, Hilary makes a disparaging remark about the San Fernando Valley, probably a negative remark toward the 1980s Val (but also fairly typical of West Side views of the less cosmopolitan and more solidly middle class/working class valley), or simply a dislike for another L.A. neighborhood. Mallory Keaton (played by Justine Bateman) on the '80s sitcom Family Ties. In a memorable double episode even her normally athletic and tomboyish little sister Jennifer (Tina Yothers) goes through a Valley Girl phase after her 13th birthday. Kelly Bundy (played by Christina Applegate) on the sitcom Married... with Children. Bridget Hennessy (played by Kaley Cuoco) and Kerry Hennessy (played by Amy Davidson) from the television show 8 Simple Rules. [edit] Video gamesAmy from KCHAT in the video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City. Toni, the host of Flash FM in the video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City may also be heard uttering phrases in Valspeak. Peach, Pauline, Birdo and Wendy O. Koopa from Nintendo's Mario series Amy Rose from Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog series. Candy Simpson from Space Colony. Berri from Conker's Bad Fur Day has a Valley Girl accent, but does not look like one. Jo-beth Casey, a minor character in Timesplitters: Future Perfect. The Ones from the Purple Moon games (Nicole, Stephanie and Whitney) all qualify. Cipher Admin/Scientist Lovrina from Pokémon XD: Gale of Darkness. Goombella from Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door displays some characteristics of the Valley girl stereotype, although she is also an academic university graduate. Mimi from Super Paper Mario Tiffany Lords from the Rival School games Cassandra Alexandra in Soulcalibur series, despite her Greek nationality, she is shown having strong similitude with the valley girl. Nu-13 in BlazBlue: Continuum Shift, in Ragna the Bloodedge's gag reel ending, she humorously acts like a Valley girl pirate, to the point that Ragna calls her out on it. "Nu, for the love of god, the valley or the sea...just pick one." [edit] LiteratureThe characters Kimberley and Demi in the novel Olivia Joules and the Overactive Imagination by Helen Fielding. Miranda from Alan Dean Foster's Glory Lane. Jessica Wakefield from Sweet Valley High. Blair in the novel Less Than Zero by Bret Easton Ellis. [edit] CommercialsUnnamed character in Laughing Cow Cheese radio commercials (such as the Highway Patrolman[5] spot) by Joy Radio, Inc. of the mid-1980s. [edit] See alsoBimbo Bobby soxer Chav Dumb blonde Essex girl Fjortis is used to describe similar behavior in Scandinavian youth. Fresa is the Mexican equivalent. Literally translated into English as "Strawberry". Guido Hippie Julie Brown is among the performers from the era who personified and popularized the valley girl image. Kogal and Ganguro are basically the Japanese equivalents. Paninaro Pissis is a Finnish expression for female youth behaving in a similar manner. Queen bee San Fernando Valley School diva Sloane ranger Trixie Valley Girl, song by Frank Zappa Yuppie [edit] References^ http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=valley girl|a... postings on Urban Dictionary|title=Definition of Valley girl ^ Time Magazine 09/1982 ^ Watson, Ben (1994). Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play. Quartet Books. p. 396. ISBN 0-703-370662. ^ Baby Got Back Songfacts. Songfacts. Retrieved April 5, 2007. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20051018182015/http://www.rmb.ca/... [edit] External linksJanelle Tassone. “Buffy: The Evolution of a Valley Girl” Refractory: A Journal of Entertainment Media 2 (2003): Valley Girl - Television Tropes & Idioms Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley_girl" View page ratingsRate this pageRate this page Page ratings What's this?Current average ratings.Trustworthy Objective Complete Well-written I am highly knowledgeable about this topic (optional) I have a relevant college/university degreeIt is part of my professionIt is a deep personal passionThe source of my knowledge is not listed here I would like to help improve Wikipedia, send me an e-mail (optional) We will send you a confirmation e-mail. We will not share your address with anyone. (Privacy policy)Submit ratings Saved successfullyYour ratings have not been submitted yetYour ratings have expired Please reevaluate this page and submit new ratings. An error has occured. Please try again later.Thanks! Your ratings have been saved. 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Edit this page Maybe later Categories: Slang terms for women | Stock characters | San Fernando Valley | Culture of Los Angeles, California | California culture | Sex- or gender-related stereotypes Hidden categories: Articles lacking reliable references from October 2008 | Accuracy disputes from January 2008 | All pages needing cleanup | Vague or ambiguous time from July 2011 | Articles needing additional references from June 2011 | All articles needing additional references | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from May 2007 | Articles with unsourced statements from July 2011 -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 5 days (2011-08-22 14:27:32 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- My pleasure, Rosita: glad to help. eski :)) -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 13 days (2011-08-30 04:37:41 GMT) Post-grading -------------------------------------------------- Many thenks to Rosita and to my peers for your consideration: eski :)) |
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