register bank
Explanation:
why is this not a register bank???
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Note added at 1 hr (2007-07-24 16:24:25 GMT)
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Data memory is organized into two memory banks — bank 0, bank 1 and bank 15. The select memory bank in-
struction (SMB) selects the bank to be used as working data memory. After power-on reset operation,
initialization values for data memory must be redefined by code.
Data Memory Addressing Modes
The enable memory bank (EMB) flag controls the addressing mode for data memory banks 0, 1 or 15.
When the EMB flag is logic zero, restricted area can be accessed. When the EMB flag is set to logic one, all two
data memory banks can be accessed according to the current SMB value. The EMB = "0" addressing mode is
used for normal program execution, whereas the EMB = "1" mode is commonly used for interrupts, subroutines,
mapped I/O, and repetitive access of specific RAM addresses.
Working Registers
The RAM's working register area in data memory bank 0 is further divided into four register banks. Each register
bank has eight 4-bit registers that are addressable either by 1-bit or 4-bit instructions. Paired 4-bit registers can
be addressed as double registers by 8-bit instructions.
http://www.samsung.com/Products/Semiconductor/Microcontrolle...
Register Banks
The 8051 uses 8 "R" registers which are used in many of its instructions. These "R" registers are numbered from 0 through 7 (R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7). These registers are generally used to assist in manipulating values and moving data from one memory location to another. For example, to add the value of R4 to the Accumulator, we would execute the following instruction:
ADD A,R4
Thus if the Accumulator (A) contained the value 6 and R4 contained the value 3, the Accumulator would contain the value 9 after this instruction was executed.
However, as the memory map shows, the "R" Register R4 is really part of Internal RAM. Specifically, R4 is address 04h. This can be see in the bright green section of the memory map. Thus the above instruction accomplishes the same thing as the following operation:
ADD A,04h
This instruction adds the value found in Internal RAM address 04h to the value of the Accumulator, leaving the result in the Accumulator. Since R4 is really Internal RAM 04h, the above instruction effectively accomplished the same thing.
But watch out! As the memory map shows, the 8051 has four distinct register banks. When the 8051 is first booted up, register bank 0 (addresses 00h through 07h) is used by default. However, your program may instruct the 8051 to use one of the alternate register banks; i.e., register banks 1, 2, or 3. In this case, R4 will no longer be the same as Internal RAM address 04h. For example, if your program instructs the 8051 to use register bank 3, "R" register R4 will now be synonomous with Internal RAM address 1Ch.
The concept of register banks adds a great level of flexibility to the 8051, especially when dealing with interrupts (we'll talk about interrupts later). However, always remember that the register banks really reside in the first 32 bytes of Internal RAM.
http://www.8052.com/tutmemor.phtml
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