exécution trait pour trait

English translation: (rule of) concurrent performance

11:45 Jun 8, 2020
French to English translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Law (general)
French term or phrase: exécution trait pour trait
Breach of an bilateral investment treaty

"Le professeur XXX a affirmé qu’« un des principes fondamentaux du droit des traités est celui de la réciprocité ; une partie qui ne respecte pas ses obligations ne saurait exiger d'une autre qu'elle respecte les siennes (exécution trait pour trait ; inadimplendum) »"

In ordinary language the expression "trait pour trait" obviously means "identically". Just wondered if there's a set legal phrase for this.

I'm not clear whether "inadimplendum" means the same thing (or expands on it), or whether it evokes some related legal point.

The set phrase in international law is "inadimplenti non est adimplendum" and basically means that if a treaty is breached it may justify suspension or execution of the treaty. No expert on Latin, but I believe "inadimplendum" is a gerund, with a sense of obligation, as is "adimplendum" in the more common legal expression. So "inadimplendum" is probably equal to "non est adimplendum", i.e. in all probability there is indeed an allusion to the set phrase.
Mpoma
United Kingdom
Local time: 09:50
English translation:(rule of) concurrent performance
Explanation:
Reports of Cases Adjudged in The Supreme Court of ...
books.google.co.uk › books
But taking the custom to have been established, it follows not that it can supersede the rule of concurrent performance in other cases, which makes tender a condition precedent on the part of him who hooses to take the first compulsory step.
Pennsylvania. Supreme Court - 1866 - ‎Read - ‎More editions

Law of contract in Australia - Page 407
books.google.co.uk › books
... meruit because a subsisting valid contract covered the ground. f1 1 03 Exceptions to the requirement of concurrent performance A number of exceptions exist to the rule of concurrent performance whereby a party who has not fully performed ...
David E. Allan, ‎Mary Elizabeth Hiscock - 1987 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions


International Sales Law: A Guide to the CISG
books.google.co.uk › books
... CISG provides that the buyer must pay the price for the goods and take delivery of them as required by the contract and the CISG. The CISG comprises the rule of concurrent performance ('trait pour trait') (Venturi Commentaire romand, para.
Ingeborg Schwenzer, ‎Christiana Fountoulakis, ‎Mariel Dimsey - 2012 - ‎Preview - ‎More editions

The American Decisions, Containing All the Cases of General ...
books.google.co.uk › books
... the circumstances necessary to pronounce that the defendant had not a lien. But taking the custom to have been established, it follows not that it can supersede the rule of concurrent performance in other. 520 MCINTYRE v. CARVER. [Penn.
1882 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions
Selected response from:

AllegroTrans
United Kingdom
Local time: 09:50
Grading comment
Thanks very much
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +2(the internat. law conidtion of) reciprocal, continued performance
Adrian MM.
3 +1(rule of) concurrent performance
AllegroTrans
2equally reciprocal performance
Lisa Rosengard
Summary of reference entries provided
exécution trait pour trait
AllegroTrans

Discussion entries: 5





  

Answers


46 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): +1
(rule of) concurrent performance


Explanation:
Reports of Cases Adjudged in The Supreme Court of ...
books.google.co.uk › books
But taking the custom to have been established, it follows not that it can supersede the rule of concurrent performance in other cases, which makes tender a condition precedent on the part of him who hooses to take the first compulsory step.
Pennsylvania. Supreme Court - 1866 - ‎Read - ‎More editions

Law of contract in Australia - Page 407
books.google.co.uk › books
... meruit because a subsisting valid contract covered the ground. f1 1 03 Exceptions to the requirement of concurrent performance A number of exceptions exist to the rule of concurrent performance whereby a party who has not fully performed ...
David E. Allan, ‎Mary Elizabeth Hiscock - 1987 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions


International Sales Law: A Guide to the CISG
books.google.co.uk › books
... CISG provides that the buyer must pay the price for the goods and take delivery of them as required by the contract and the CISG. The CISG comprises the rule of concurrent performance ('trait pour trait') (Venturi Commentaire romand, para.
Ingeborg Schwenzer, ‎Christiana Fountoulakis, ‎Mariel Dimsey - 2012 - ‎Preview - ‎More editions

The American Decisions, Containing All the Cases of General ...
books.google.co.uk › books
... the circumstances necessary to pronounce that the defendant had not a lien. But taking the custom to have been established, it follows not that it can supersede the rule of concurrent performance in other. 520 MCINTYRE v. CARVER. [Penn.
1882 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions

AllegroTrans
United Kingdom
Local time: 09:50
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 1355
Grading comment
Thanks very much

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Eliza Hall: Concurrent or simultaneous. https://www.trans-lex.org/941000/_/principle-of-simultaneous...
4 hrs
  -> thanks
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4 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
(the internat. law conidtion of) reciprocal, continued performance


Explanation:
In UK leases: the doctrine of mutally enforceable covenants between leaseholders or commonholders vs. cross-covenants between freeholders of apartments in the same house or block.

Perchance: 'pacta sunt servanda' at international level: agreements are made to be complied with.

> "inadimplenti non est adimplendum" - “There is no need to perform for one who has not performed.” cf. the maxim of Equity: 'he who comes to Equity must come with clean hands' e.g. a defaulter cannot claim specific performance of a contract.

'----on the basis of the rule of international customary law, inadimplenti non est adimplendum, the breach of a provision of an agreement by a third country, if it is a material breach, may justify the agreement being suspended or even extinguished, either for all contracting States or only for the State in breach (Article 60 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties)...'

Tit-for-tat doesn't work with performance, rather with repudiation or repudiatory breach, both of which contract terms of art seemed to draw a FRE/ENG ProZ blank last time.




Example sentence(s):
  • An executory contract is a contract that has not yet been fully performed or fully executed.
  • Conditions implied in the case of all treaties : condition of reciprocity or continued performance by the other party or parties.

    Reference: http://legaldictionary.net/clean-hands/
    Reference: http://www.upcounsel.com/enforceable-contract
Adrian MM.
Austria
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 359

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  EirTranslations
57 mins
  -> Thanks and gracias!

agree  SafeTex: Hello Adrian. I don't like "performance" as such agreements can be on many issues not associated with performance so I'd say "internationa law of reciprocity" or similar but as you did the research, you deserve the points
16 hrs
  -> Thanks. My second example sentence is in fact taken from a live source, plus Treaty compliance is indeed an option https://legal.un.org/ilc/documentation/english/a_cn4_120.pdf
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12 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 2/5Answerer confidence 2/5
equally reciprocal performance


Explanation:
One would expect another to do as he or she does oneself.
From the information above, I understand that the parties involved may or may not equally reciprocate one another's actions or performance.

Example sentence(s):
  • Une partie que ne repecte pas ses obligations ne saurait exiger d'une autre qu'elle respecte les siennes (exécution trait pour trait ...)
  • A person who does not respect his or her duties will only know to expect (or demand) another to respect his or her duties.
Lisa Rosengard
United Kingdom
Local time: 09:50
Native speaker of: English
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Reference comments


5 mins peer agreement (net): +1
Reference: exécution trait pour trait

Reference information:
Dans le contrat synallagmatique, vu l’exécution trait pour trait des obligations, chaque partie a le droit de suspendre l’exécution de son obligation, si l’autre partie reste en défaut d’exécuter la sienne, et tant que cette partie reste en défaut.

https://www.pim.be/defauts-bien-loue-justifient-defaut-de-pa...

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 mins (2020-06-08 12:02:07 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Dans la résolution pour inexécution, l'exécution de l'une des obligations est la condition de l'exécution de l'autre. Ces solutions reposent sur l'intention présumée des parties.

La première conséquence de cette corrélation, c'est qu'en principe la double exécution doit être simultanée : exécution trait pour trait. Si une partie prétend agir en exécution avant d'exécuter elle-même, elle sera repoussée par l'exceptio non adiplenti contractus.

S'agissant des conditions de la résolution, il faut noter que la loi prévoit qu'elle est poursuivie par une action en justice, dont le succès suppose trois conditions :

ü il faut tout d'abord qu'il y ait inexécution : il n'y pas de difficultés si l'inexécution est totale. Si elle est partielle, la résolution ne sera possible que si l'inexécution porte sur un point considéré par les parties comme essentiel, ce qui relève de l'appréciation du juge111(*).

ü Une mise en demeure est nécessaire pour constater l'inexécution. Jusque là, on peut dire qu'il y a un simple retard, sans effet juridique par lui-même. La mise en demeure est inutile si l'impossibilité d'exécuter est évidente, par exemple au cas de contravention à une obligation de ne pas faire ou de destruction de la chose promise par le débiteur.

ü Enfin l'inexécution doit être imputable au débiteur. Si elle résulte d'un cas fortuit, on appliquera la théorie des risques. Nous avons déjà vu que la jurisprudence applique l'article 1184 même en cas d'inexécution par cas fortuit, ce qui est inexact théoriquement, mais permet de corriger en pratique la théorie des risques.

Quand ces trois conditions sont réunies, la résolution ne s'opère pas de plein droit ; il faut la demander aux tribunaux. Jusque là le contrat subsiste. Le créancier a donc l'option de maintenir ou de faire résoudre le contrat (article 1184 alinéas 2). Mais le juge n'est pas libre d'accorder ou de refuser la résolution. Si les conditions sont réunies, il doit prononcer la résolution. Toutefois, son rôle n'est pas purement passif ; il peut accorder un délai pour exécuter (article 1184 alinéas 3). C'est un cas particulier de délai de grâce admis par l'article 1244 alinéas 2112(*).

Tant que l'instance n'est pas terminée, le débiteur peut arrêter l'action en résolution en exécutant, car le contrat subsiste. Il en est ainsi même après la sentence tant qu'elle n'est pas passée définitivement en force de chose jugée.

https://www.memoireonline.com/11/07/694/m_la-promesse-de-ven...

AllegroTrans
United Kingdom
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 1355
Note to reference poster
Asker: Thanks. Yes, "on an identical basis" maybe. Or words to that effect. By the way, you look quite a bit more cheerful in that photo than your previous one.


Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Adrian MM.: cf. Zug um Zug in DEU. I am racking - or, as per Huber Verlag's translation primer - wrecking my brains for a 'mutually repudiatable' equivalent.
2 hrs
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