11:30 May 28, 2019 |
German to English translations [PRO] Bus/Financial - Law: Taxation & Customs | |||||||
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| Selected response from: Ted Wozniak United States Local time: 23:48 | ||||||
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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4 +4 | Definition required |
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5 | retained earnings and surplus income |
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2 -1 | (UK-approx.) Schedule D vs. Schedules A, (old system PAYE) E + F |
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Discussion entries: 4 | |
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Definition required Explanation: As the distinction between the two types of income rests solely on the source of the income, and no such distinction is made in Anglo/American systems, the only way to "translate" them is to provide a definition. Gewinneinkünfte = profits from agriculture, forestry, trade, and self-employment. An alternative option is "income from commercial operations, independent personal services, or agriculture and forestry Überschussinkünfte = Überschuss der Einnahmen über die Werbungskosten (excess of receipts over income-related expenses) Alternatively: profits from employment, investments, rental and lease income and other income within the meaning of section 22 EStG -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 38 mins (2019-05-28 12:08:41 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Looking back in my TM, I found an old (2007) entry where I translated Gewinneinkünfte as "income taxed as trade profits". I would still go with my longer explanation above. |
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