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Translation - English 794 Economics （Quarterly） Vol. 13
More than a few studies have attempted to explain the causes for mass incidents in China over the past few years from the perspective of economic fractionalization (Guo Zheng Lin, 2001; Yu Jian Rong, 2001; Li Chao Hai, 2009) and political fractionalization (Bernstein and Lu, 2000; Guo, 2001). However, few people analyze the role that religion and other cultural events play in these mass incidents. The 9/11 attacks in the US evoked the interest of a large number of foreign scholars on the relationship between religion and this conflict (Fox, 2004), however, after China's Tibetan and Xinjiang riots known as, respectively, 3/14 and 7/5, we still rarely see scholars concerned about the role religion plays in social conflict in China.
In contrast to domestic studies, foreign scholars have paid much greater attention to religious factors in the study of social conflict. Most interrelated theories identify the important role that religion plays, and believe that if religion conceivably becomes the source of this conflict (Huntington, 1996; Moynihan, 1993; Horowitz, 1985; Anderson, 1983), it may also serve as the means for this conflict (Fox, 2004). However, despite the results of this empirical analysis larger differences of opinions still remain: some studies show a positive correlation between the two (Chen, 2005; Montalvo and Reynal-Querol, 2005), while other studies heatedly argue that no correlation exists between the two (Fearon and Laitin, 2003; Collier and Hoeffler, 2004). The reasons for these differences may lie in the fact that most of these results are based on macro-level data. For example, national or regional analyzing agencies face tremendous difficulties in the analysis of social fractionalization and measurements of social grievances, but at the same time these agencies cannot effectively exclude the endogeneity between social fractionalization and social conflict (Blattman and Miguel, 2010).
This paper intends to use micro analytic data from China. In an attempt to solve the problems addressed above, we will conduct tests to find the correlation between mass incidents, Chinese religions and social grievances. This empirical analysis will show the important role that religion plays in China's social conflict. In comparison to previous studies, the major contributions of this paper rest on: (1) introducing a new dimension, religious beliefs, to explain how in recent years these beliefs contribute to mass incidents in China, (2) conducting micro-level analysis, based on micro-level data, showing the contributory influence of religious beliefs on the genesis of social grievances and mass incidents, and (3) conducting a more comprehensive deliberation of the correlation between religious beliefs, social grievances, and mass incidents.
This paper is organized as follows: section two addresses theoretical analysis and proposes hypotheses as to mass incidents and the correlation between religious and social grievances; section three describes the strategies for empirical analysis in this paper; section four explains the data used: section five gives analysis results; section six outlines a mechanism for further discussion of religious influences on social grievances and mass incidents; and section seven summarizes the main conclusions of this paper.
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Master's degree - University of California Irvine
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Years of experience: 31. Registered at ProZ.com: Mar 2014.
With an MBA and degrees in Mandarin Chinese and International Relations, I have more than 25 years of experience in account management, business development, negotiations, and translation. Services include sourcing, feasibility analysis, project development, contract negotiation, translation, interpretation, diplomacy, and customer relationship management. Chinese-English translation and interpretation services include business negotiations, official visits, television and radio interviews.
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