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Translation - English Modekngei
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Modekngei is a new religion which occurred in Palau in about 1914. It is said that 14% of Palauans are believers.
Index
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How Modekngei faith came to be
Modekngei under the Japanese yoke
The evolution of Modekngei
The publicity of oppression
References external links
There were a variety of ‘religious’ traditions On Palau which were fusions of traditions such as fortune telling and witch doctory and shamanism but the religion we are discussing ‘Modekngei’ is a fusion of traditional religions and Christianity.
Medicine and fortune telling and similar practices are distinctive features of Modekngei and the religion greatly resembles voodoo of Haiti and the Candomblé religion of Brazil.
A chant called kesukesu is sung in Palauan and it has rituals which highlight the Palauan’s sense of cultural and national pride.
The name for ‘God’ has the meaning of ‘everything comes together’ in the Palauan language.
How the Modekngei faith came to be
During the period of the First World War when Palau was not part of Japan it is said that God came down to an islander, Temedad from Babeldabob island. This Temedad then called his friends and started to chant in Palauan in front of them
This carried on for about two years and then Temedad’s brother in law Ogeji started to join in with the chanting. Whether or not the people believed in the pair’s God, word and rumours started to spread.
Modekngei under the Japanese yoke
Sometime after this rumours that the pair had brought back a girl from the dead spread and many people who thought that the two men could cure the sick came to visit them.
In 1917 the two men couldn’t cure two dying people even though they chanted their prayers.
Around about this time a man working for the Japanese called Oman came to hear of this story because the relatives of these sick people had already paid money and were upset.
He then stopped islanders of Japanese origin going to the hospitals and contacted the Japanese embassy.
It so happens that Ogeji led an exceptionally rampant sex life and Ogeji’s attitude towards the patients was as follows: if you don’t have sex with me your illness will get worse, and this is the word of God.
He had relationships with many women and there were instances when women would cry that they had been deceived and there are instances when the woman’s husbands would sue.
Ogeji held a meeting on an uninhabited island and asserted that “my wife is everyone else’s wife, we are all equal”.
He was having sex with women throughout the night.
Around this time there was an opinion that the god of Modekngei would give you money and there appeared many people who criticized the religion.
Naturally the religion’s followers retorted but the criticisms were strong and the brothers were criticized.
As well as these events the southern part of Japan which saw Palau as being a colony equated Modekngei with rape and fraud and took control of Palau.
By way of this control the two brothers were sent to gaol.
After they finished their term a third man called Ruguru came along and joined them, And so these three men became the leaders of the first stage of Modekngei.
These three men then Injected Christianity into Modekngei and in the altars spears and crosses were erected.
The evolution of the Modekngei faith.
In the post war period it is said that Ogeji killed his friend and because of this he then went on to kill himself.
As Japan had been defeated in World War Two Palau became an American ‘colony’.
Modekngei disturbed the hospitals which the American bases used and for a while it’s existence looked shaky under the occupation.
But the war ended and peace reigned and the populace’s clinging to god came to and end and the energy of Modekngei ran out.
The third leader Ruguru banned alcohol and cigarettes and introduced gender equality?? And with this Modekngei entered a puritanical path.
Then In 1970 a Modekngei school was opened.
As well as the staple ingredients of English and Maths the study of Palauan customs Palaun dance and a traditional Palauan dance art which focuses around plank carving were pushed on the curriculum.
This was a breath of fresh air for a Palau dependent upon American support, both from a standpoint of working whilst studying and with a view of obtaining economic independence.
As for the dormitory life of the school monitors exist and there are people In charge of morals who are like police in the school. The student’s discipline is established and there is no disorderly behaviour.
Modekngei: The propaganda of Oppression?
When Palau came under American rule the American government got rid of Shinto and Buddhism form the Japanese administration.
The American anthropologist Vidici wrote a book which put Modekngei over as being an underground resistance movement for the Japanese government. He has no grounds for this as Modekngei totally rejects Japanese religion and culture.
The south sea board trying to exert power over Palau and Vidici discovered this and took this to be evidence of Japanese rule.
External links
Modekngei by Michiko Ooyagi.
(Edit)
Translation - English Gen Kida (木田 元 in Japanese characters)
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia
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Gen Kida, born on the 28th of August 1928 in Niigata prefecture is a philosopher who now lives and works in Mogami District in Yamagata.
His main academic concern is researching phenomenology. He has translated into plain Japanese the works of contemporary western thinkers such as Merleau-Ponty. He is also known for his research into the work of Heidegger and Husserl.
Contents
Academic career
Major Works
Translations
Internal links
References
External links
Academic career(edit
When Kida was three years old he moved with his family to Manchuria.
He graduated from a naval academy and passed on to the Yamigata Specialist Agricultural School, which is now known as the “Yamagata University Agricultural Department”. He then went on to be admitted to the Philosophy Department of the Literature Studies School at Touhoku University.
Because this was a time of turmoil caused by Japan’s defeat in World War Two, Kida worked in the black economy to earn his living whilst studying extremely hard for close to ten hours a day whilst studying at university. In his first year he studied and became efficient in the German language, in the second year he obtained proficiency in classical Greek, and finally in the third year of his course he became proficient In Latin. In 1953 he continued at the same university, but this time he did further studies as a researcher, during which he mastered the French language.
In 1958 he completed his studies at this university, and it was in this very same year that he went on to become an assistant Professor at Chuei University.
From 1960, he was a full time lecturer at Chuei University whilst continuing to be an assistant Professor at the same university. From 1972, he was a Professor at Central University within the Philosophy Branch of the Literature Department. In 1999 he reached sixty years of age and took retirement from teaching, at the same time becoming a Professor Emeritus at the same university.
Heidegger’s Being and Time Iwanami Contemporary Pocket Editions。
The History of Antiphilosophy Kodansha philosophia, Kodansha Scholarly Pocket Divisions
My last lecture Gen Kida’s Last Lecturer: Antiphilosophy as Philosophy Kakawa Sofia Pocket Editions
Skimming through Heidegger Shinshokan
A Gateway into Anti-philosophy: A Collection of Essays Shinchousha
An introduction to my philosophy Shinshokan
From Sasuke Sarutobi to Heidegger Gutenberg’s forest Iwanami Booksellers
Philosophy and Antiphilosophy Iwanami Contemporary Pocket Editions
Notes on the Theory of Modern Humans Genius Publishing Company
Is Philosophy Useful in Real Life? PHP Shinsho.
Away from Philosophy: A Collection of Essays Misuzu Booksellers
The Philosopher who Failed in the Black Market Shoubunsha
His first collection of essays on books outside of philosophy: Music, and Films
The Blank Spaces of Philosophy: a Collection of Essays which includes an explanation of Fuutaro Yamada Shinshokan
Nietzsche Plays the Piano: A Collection of Essays Shinshokan
A History of the Poem Shashinsho a personal history proved by the love of poems
Everything Hideo Kobayashi taught me:
An encyclopaedic knowledge and strong memory revealed by a personal testament performed by copyright of Kobayashi. Bunshunshinsho
Translations performed by Kida of works by other thinkers(edit)
The structure of Behaviour M. Merleau-Ponty Misuzu Booksellers
Eye and Mind M. Merleau-Ponty Misuzu Booksellers
Phenomenology of the perception F Jeanson Serika Booksellers
The Young Hegel. G. Lukacks Hakusuisha
Signs M. Merleau-Ponty Misuzu Booksellers
The philosophy of Kant by Lacroix Hakusuisha
Adventures of the dialectic M. Merleau-Ponty Misuzu Booksellers
Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology E. Husserl Chuei Public Publishing
The Philosophy of Schelling M. Heidegger Shinshokan
Phenomenology and Expressionism F. Fullman Kodansha scholarly pocket editions
Plato’s Republic S. Blackman Festschrift
The Basic Problems of Phenomenology: M. Heidegger Sakuhinsha
Perspective as Symbolic form E. Panofsky Chikuma academic and arts pocket editions
Internal links (edit)
• Akiko Ikeda
Reference works (edit)
The dialogue of Ahouichi Watanobu: “Energy of Human Life” and the philosopher who failed as a black market worker
Additional dialogues the Gaps in Philosophy : Dialogue with Keizou Ikumatsu. The Fate of Reason: The crossroads of modern philosophy Chuumatsu Shinsho, which is now known as Kodansha
External Links
The Theatre of Philosophy
Human kind Controlled by Technology and Capitalism
This article about Gen Kida is an unfinished article about a human being if you can, please help by adding to it.
Wikiproject Biography
Category: Philosophy Japanese Philosophers People Born in Niigata People Born in 1928
Hidden Categories: Philosophy Stubs People Related Stubs
Japanese to English: Diploma in Translation |Question General field: Bus/Financial Detailed field: Finance (general)
Translation - English The question of the mortgage crisis facing home holders in America has shaken markets worldwide, and this crisis has continued for two and a half months.
This week as well, the big American share company Merlinch announced it had suffered losses of nine hundred billion yen, and the share markets and exchange markets were also shaken.
It seems that because of this financial institutions in each country are continuing to experience losses.
It is certain that the bad financial climate towards The United States of America will continue until next year.
To begin with the tumult faced people with insufficient incomes but now effects people who want loans to buy a house.
It was originally just an American problem but the crisis spilled over into Europe.
It is a familiar scene: In the summer of ten years before we experienced a worldwide crisis caused by speculative selling of the baht.
In addition to the liberalization of credit turning credit into bonds has also increased.
Speculative funds galloped away seeing and ignoring the borders of states.
The money market leads the practical market and the speculation engulfs the indifferent populace, it is a new breed of fear.
The global money circulation of today, is as follows in contrast to the America that continues to surpass ordinary debt, Asian countries such as Japan and china and oil producing countries are preserved by providing funds.
This bipolar unbalance began to spread like wildfire since the end of the nineties
The funds of china and the oil producing countries spread at once to the West and at the hands of the hedge funds and stock markets move about because of investments.
The seed of the financial crisis bloomed out to the world in this way. The fact that America’s debt has dramatically increased is then flip side of the fact that their national treasury is depleted.
And it haemorrhages debt.
This over consumption can be seen in the problem of sub prime mortgages.
Japanese to English: The Smurfs Detailed field: Games / Video Games / Gaming / Casino
Translation - English The Smurfs are characters created in 1958 by the Belgian artist PEPE.
These Smurfs sprung out of the picture book , produced merchandise and gained popularity worldwide.
PVC figures made in Germany are extremely popular and have many collectors.
Easter series
Christmas series
Super Smurfs
Corporate information
Miscellaneous
Figures/dolls
Toys
Smurf catalog
The ‘Bully’ company’s guidebook 1975-1998
The new Smurf dolls for 2010
If you are interested in getting hold of dolls that are no longer produced, then feel free to send an email.
The quality of the Smurf dolls
Aside from articles marked as being different we only sell good condition Smurf dolls
There is no graffiti or scratching on the dolls.
As well as issues with quality there are issues with uniformity of colour.
If you are particularly worried about it you can contact us.
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French to English: Tridural: Avis de refus – Valeur thérapeutique General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical: Pharmaceuticals
Source text - French Tridural: Avis de refus – Valeur thérapeutique
Description du médicament
Le tramadol est un analgésique à action centrale doté d’un double mécanisme d’action. Il a une faible activité sur les récepteurs μ des opiacés et il inhibe le recaptage neuronal de la norépinéphrine et de la sérotonine. Les comprimés à prise uniquotidienne sont conçus pour libérer le tramadol en deux phases : l’une rapide, dans les heures suivant son administration, et l’autre lente, sur une période de 24 heures. TriduralMC est indiqué pour la prise en charge de la douleur d’intensité modérée chez les adultes qui ont besoin du traitement pendant plusieurs jours ou plus.
Valeur thérapeutique
L’efficacité analgésique de TriduralMCest documentée par les résultats d’un essai randomisé et contrôlé avec placebo (Burch 2007) portant sur des individus souffrant de douleur causée par de l’arthrose du genou et qui répondent au TriduralMC. Ainsi, comparativement au placebo, TriduralMC apporte une amélioration de 0,7 point seulement sur l’échelle numérique de douleur en 11 points. Habituellement, pour cette échelle, une réponse est jugée cliniquement significative lorsqu’on remarque une différence absolue de 2 points environ.
Au regard de l’innocuité, environ 60 % des individus traités avec TriduralMC éprouvent au moins un effet indésirable. Environ 10 % des sujets se désistent pour cette raison. Les effets indésirables les plus fréquents sont les étourdissements, la nausée et les vomissements ainsi que les céphalées. Par ailleurs, une récente étude de cohorte rétrospective (Torring 2008) sème un doute quant à l’innocuité digestive du tramadol. Il s’agit d’une analyse de dossiers médicaux et d’ordonnances d’environ 1 300 individus hospitalisés pour un ulcère gastrique perforé. On observe qu’une plus forte proportion de personnes recevant le tramadol décèdent dans les 30 jours suivant leur admission, comparativement aux personnes traitées avec des anti-inflammatoires non-stéroïdiens. De plus, un avis des autorités américaines publié en juillet 2004 fait état de nombreux rapports d’abus et de dépendance liés à l’utilisation du tramadol. À cet effet, Santé Canada évalue présentement la possibilité de l’inscrire à l’annexe 1 du Règlement sur les stupéfiants.
Ainsi, les résultats d’un essai clinique contre placebo témoignent d’une efficacité faible qui s’accompagne de nombreux effets indésirables. Une méta-analyse de Cochrane (Cepeda 2006) fait le même constat, à savoir que tramadol peut diminuer l’intensité de la douleur, mais que ce bénéfice est faible. En outre, son utilisation est limitée par une forte incidence d’effets indésirables, lesquels peuvent mener à l’abandon du traitement. De plus, la possibilité d’une reclassification du tramadol à l’annexe 1 du Règlement sur les stupéfiants, en raison de son potentiel d’abus, ainsi que les résultats d’une étude de cohorte rétrospective portant sur la mortalité associée à des ulcères gastriques perforés suggèrent que ce produit pourrait présenter des risques qui, jusqu’ici, ont été ignorés. Pour ces raisons, le Conseil juge que la valeur thérapeutique de TriduralMC n’est pas démontrée.
Ainsi, le Conseil est d’avis que TriduralMC ne rencontre pas le critère de la valeur thérapeutique et a recommandé de ne pas l’inscrire sur les listes de médicaments.
Translation - English
TARGET : ENGLISH
Tridural: Refusal notice - Therapeutic Value
Description of the Medicine
Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic with a dual action mechanism. It has low activity on μ opioid receptors (MOR1) and inhibits the neuronal reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. The once-daily tablets are designed to release the tramadol in two phases: a rapid one, within the hours following its administration, and the other slow, over a period of 24 hours. Tridural ™ is recommended for handling moderate pain in adults who require treatment for several days or even longer.
Therapeutic value
The analgesic efficacy of Tridural ™ is documented by the results of a randomized controlled trial with a placebo (Burch 2007) on individuals suffering from pain caused by osteoarthritis of the knee and responding to Tridural ™. Thus, compared to the placebo, Tridural ™ provides an improvement of just 0.7 points on the 11 point numerical scale of pain. Usually, for this scale, a response is considered clinically significant when we notice an absolute difference of about 2 points.
In view of safety, approximately 60% of individuals treated with Tridural ™ are experiencing at least one negative side effect. For this reason about 10% of patients have withdrawn from the study. The most common side effects are dizziness, nausea and vomiting and also headaches. Moreover, a recent retrospective cohort study (Torring 2008) casts doubt on the gastrointestinal safety of Tramadol. The trial comprises an analysis of medical records and prescriptions of about 1300 people hospitalized for perforated gastric ulcers. We observed that a higher proportion of people receiving Tramadol die within 30 days after admission, compared to those treated with anti-inflammatory non-steroid medicines. In addition, a notice issued by the American authorities in July 2004 reported numerous reports of abuse and dependence associated with Tramadol use. To this end, Health Canada is currently assessing the possibility of its inclusion in Annex 1 of the Narcotic Control Regulations.
Therefore, the results of a clinical trial against placebo show a low efficiency that comes with many negative side effects. A Cochrane meta-analysis (Cepeda 2006) made the same point, namely that Tramadol may decrease pain intensity, but not to that great of a level. In addition, its use is limited by a high incidence of negative side effects, which can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Furthermore, the possibility of a reclassifying Tramadol in Annex 1 of the Narcotic Control Regulations, based on its potential for abuse and the results of a retrospective cohort study on mortality rate associated with perforated gastric ulcer, suggests that this product may present risks that have been ignored up until now. For these reasons, the Commission finds that the therapeutic value of Tridural ™ is not demonstrated.
Therefore, the Council believes that Tridural ™ does not meet the criterion for therapeutic value and has recommended that it not be included in the list of medicines.
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Bachelor's degree - LJMU
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Years of experience: 15. Registered at ProZ.com: May 2010.
I received my 2:1 degree in Japanese and Combined studies from LJMU.
I can read Japanese perfectly which involves knowing more than 2000 kanji and I think this is a major achievement, and shows that I have significant skills as a linguist, as well as significant organizational and motivational skills. According to Kenichiro Hada, my Lecturer, a native Japanese speaker I was “one of very few Students we have ever had who have learnt kanji”. I think his saying this was one of my proudest moments. I completed my university degree without going to Japan which Hada Sensei said was a miracle .
When I came back from Japan I went into French to English Translation for which I was specifically trained by Alexandre Coutu who is the most senior French to English translator in Canada. I have passed well over 100 agency trials in French to English translation.
I have both a university degree and have completed a gruelling apprenticeship in translation under the most senior translator in Canada, so I believe I am qualified to do your job.
Keywords: Joshua Gibbs, Japanese Translation, martial arts, drama, philosophy
