Lauren Higgins wrote:
It's mostly minimal differences anyway, like including a photo or not (which is illegal for an employer to request in some countries). I've also read that in China, Japan, and Korea, applicants are expected to include their entire educational history, going all the way back through elementary school. But this seems irrelevant for an applicant who didn't attend school in those countries
All those differences seem totally irrelevant to your resume/CV as a freelancer. You don't have to worry about employment laws: you aren't an employee! And your education is mostly irrelevant to a client.
If you're thinking of preparing a reverse chronological sequence listing of your jobs (presumably with "freelance translator" just being one of the jobs listed), with your language skills at the bottom of page two, you really should think again.
Freelancers need individually designed texts that really sell their services -- highlighting their own particular set of skills, abilities and experience. We only call it a CV or resume because that's the word that suits many clients, particularly agencies. Some freelancers call it their brochure or whatever.
I prepared a Wiki article on the subject for this site. You can find it in the marketing Wikis, under the education tab.