Kun-I Yang Mar 24, 2016:

Officially, he is an establishment Republican because he is a US Senator. However, many "consider" him an outsider because:

(1) He's new to the Senate (this is his first term);
(2) He has vigorously opposed the Republican establishment since procuring his position;
(3) He accused the Republican Senate Leader, Mitch McConnell, of telling lies; (4) He led a small minority of individuals to shut down the US Federal Government in 2013 over the funding of ObamaCare, which outraged many moderate Republicans.

Therefore, 他是 "共和黨當權派" 的一份子，否則他必須以無黨籍身份參選。 It's just that members of the Republican party, and its supporters, would rather consider him an "outsider" because he is not a moderate-to-conservative party member.

如您所說 "established person who is influential, an insider in the party" 就等同 "當權派。"

YJ ZHANG (asker) Mar 24, 2016:

感觉每个人的说法都有道理。但现在的美国媒体在谈到"Republican establishment"时，明显是指“Established person who is influential, an insider in the party". Senator Cruz 是共和党体系的精英，却不被认为是”establishment". 如何解释？

Li-Hsiang Hsu Mar 22, 2016:

Establishment笼统地指涉共和党权力核心的一个传统势力或政治派别，翻译成“建制”还算贴切。我个人觉得“共和党建制派”的翻译挺好用的：Republican establishment是共和党建制派，而establishment Republicans 则是“建制派的共和党员”，若只使用establishment一个单词时，是“建制派”，anti-establishment 则是“反建制”，挺好的。