https://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S...
Suggested translation to Spanish: perforadores.

Shredders: Shredders are organisms that cut or chew pieces of living or dead plant material, including all plant parts like leaves and wood. The main function of shredders is the breakdown of large particles of plant material into smaller pieces that are then transported downstream or available to other stream consumers (Wallace & Webster, 1996). Shredders also make nutrients available to microbial consumers (Díaz Villanueva et al., 2012). In general, we refer to them as consumers of coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) and producers of fine particulate organic matter (FPOM). Shredders of living plant material (Sh-Hb in Table 1) are herbivores and miners, like lepidopteran larvae from the families Noctuidae and Tortricidae. Shredders of decomposing plant material (e.g., CPOM, Sh-Dt in Table 1) are detritivores and wood borers.

Organisms that consume living plant tissue are responsible for major herbivory losses by aquatic vascular plants. Chrysomelid beetles are known to specialize on vascular plants and some are used as biocontrols of floating vascular plants (Cronin, Schlacher, Lodge & Siska, 1999). Shredders that consume detritus have received a great deal of attention by stream ecologists. There is a solid amount of evidence demonstrating the importance of macroinvertebrates as decomposers of dead plant material entering aquatic ecosystems (e.g., Webster & Benfield, 1986; Gessner, 1999). There is also evidence that shredding macroinvertebrates increase the amount of fine particles in streams, while it remains unclear how important are these particles to insect collectors (Cuffney et al., 1990; Usio, Konishi & Nakano, 2001).

Suggested translation to Spanish: fragmentadores.

Alternative uses of the term “Shredder” - According to our definition, an organism can be considered a shredder if it cuts or breaks plant tissue particles while feeding. This is the same definition used by Cummins (1973) and Merritt, Craig, Wotton & Walker (2008). However, several studies have used a more general definition by calling any organism that consumes leaf material a shredder regardless of their behavior. Snails provide a good example, their feeding behavior involves the use of a radula to remove tissue by scraping the substrates they are feeding on. According to the FFG definition that we are following here, snails are scrapers no matter what substrate they feed on because functionally they scrape the substrate. If a snail is feeding on a rock it will be likely consuming diatoms, bacteria, fungi and detritus. Individuals feeding over leaf substrates will be consuming plant detritus. Some studies called snails shredders, because their feeding accelerates plant breakdown (e.g., Mullholand, Elwood, Newbold & Ferren, 1985), while other consider this a case where a scraper facilitates the process of organic matter breakdown (Lamberti, Gregory, Ashkenas, Steinman & McIntire, 1989). One could argue either way, the important point is to clarify the use of the term before using it to avoid confusions.



conceptos y tecnicas en ecologia fluvial - Fundación BBVAwww.fbbva.es › wp-content › uploads › 2017/05 › datPDF https://www.fbbva.es/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/dat/DE_2009_... **(see page 32 - invertebrados "fragmentadores") **
zonas de cabecera favorece la presencia de organismos fragmentadores y el pre- ... contrario reproduciéndose en aguas dulces (por ejemplo, el salmón Salmo ...