English to Spanish Other Economics National Learning Systems

There is a type of incremental innovation that is a consequence of a process of learningby-
doing. This process is called by Bell (1984, p. 190) as “doing-based learning”, and he
indicated (ibid., p. 189) that it has three remarkable properties: it arises passively, little or
no explicit action is required to capture it; it is virtually automatic; and it is practically
costless, a kind of **free by-product from carrying on with production**. The outcomes of
“doing-based-learning” should be called, we propose, passive incremental innovations,
and these are clearly associated with just the production capability.

De antemano, muchas gracias!!