This is what it sounds like. Also known as ostranenie (the original Russian term). It's more commonly called extrañamiento in Spanish, but as an art term I think it must be this.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defamiliarization

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Note added at 55 mins (2016-05-11 21:14:58 GMT)
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There's also dishabituation, which is really a term of psychology rather than art theory, but it is sometimes invoked:

"Dishabituation is when we respond to an old stimulus as if it were new again."
http://www.alleydog.com/glossary/definition.php?term=Dishabi...

"For him art has a specific nature with regard to its capacity for the dishabituation of institutional structures as well as social norms" (about Ricardo Carreira)
http://icaadocs.mfah.org/icaadocs/THEARCHIVE/FullRecord/tabi...

It could possibly be what the author means, particularly if elsewhere in the text some distinction is made between desacostumbramiento and extrañamiento. But I think the likelihood is that it's being used as a synonym of extrañamiento. And as a technical term in pyschology, dishabituation is called deshabituación.